Characterization of nanocellulose from banana stem fiber and its bionanocomposite as a thermal insulation material

A.I. Syahrul, M.D. Rosyidin, S. Hidayat, K. Khaerunisa, N. Soraya, N.H. Sari, S. Syahrul

Abstract


Nanocellulose has garnered significant attention due to its unique properties and potential in various applications, including thermal insulation. The abundant banana stems found in Lombok Island generate considerable waste that can be utilized as a raw material for nanocellulose. This research aims to characterization of nanocellulose derived from Kepok banana stems and its composites as thermal insulation in solar panels. Nanocellulose was produced using acid hydrolysis with sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and several treatments were carried out including Natrium hydroxide (NaOH), Sodium chlorite (NaClO2), Sulfuric acid (H­2SO4), The results show that nanocellulose from banana stems has a tensile strength of 13.374 MPa - 13.63 MPa. The addition of nanocellulose was found to increase the tensile strength of the composite reaching 13.374 up to 13.63 MPa, thermal conductivity 0,1692 up to 0,1940 W/mK and is quite heat resistant at a temperature of 200 °C. SEM photos of nanocellulose show surface roughness and produce interface strength between banana stem fiber nanocellulose and polyester resin. With solid bonding, good tensile strength, conductivity and thermal stability, bionancomposites from banana stem can be used as thermal insulator (backsheet) materials for solar panels.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adesina, A., Overview of the influence of waste materials on the thermal conductivity of cementitious composites. Clean Eng Technol 2, 100046, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2021.100046

Castillo, M., de Guzman, Ma.J.K., Aberilla, J.M., Environmental sustainability assessment of banana waste utilization into food packaging and liquid fertilizer. Sustain Prod Consum 37, 356–368, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.20 23.03.012

Devi, I.M., Priatmoko, S., Synthesis and characterization of banana hump waste-based bioplastic with the addition of banana pseudostem nanocellulose and glycerol. Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science 13, 2024.

Dewi, R., Sylvia, N., Zulnazri, Z., Riza, M., The effect of pineapple leaf fiber addition to mechanical and thermal characteristics of sago starch based biofoam with thermopressing method. IJCA (Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis) 6, 31–41, 2023. https://doi.org/10.20885/ijca.vol6.iss1.art4

Kumar, R., Bhargava, P., Characterization of different type of backsheet films used in pv modules. Journal of Nano- and Electronic Physics 10, 06029-1-06029–4, 2018. https://doi.org/10.21272/jnep.10(6).06029

Nasution, H., Ellsworth, Wijaya, F., Optimasi suhu hidrolisis dan konsentrasi asam sulfat dalam pembuatan nanoselulosa berbahan dasar serat batang pisang kepok (Musa acuminata x balbisiana). Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU 9, 1–6, 2020. https://doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v9i1.3532

Nurazzi, N.M., Asyraf, M.R.M., Rayung, M., Norrrahim, M.N.F., Shazleen, S.S., Rani, M.S.A., Shafi, A.R., Aisyah, H.A., Radzi, M.H.M., Sabaruddin, F.A., Ilyas, R.A., Zainudin, E.S., Abdan, K., Thermogravimetric analysis properties of cellulosic natural fiber polymer composites: a review on influence of chemical treatments. Polymers (Basel) 13, 2710, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13162710

Nurjannah, N.R., Sudiarti, T., Rahmidar, L., Sintesis dan karakterisasi selulosa termetilasi sebagai biokomposit hidrogel. al-Kimiya 7, 19–27, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15575/ak.v7i1.6490

Pratama, A.W., Piluharto, B., Indarti, D., Haryati, T., Addy, H.S., Pengaruh konsentrasi asam terhadap sifat fisik dan muatan permukaan selulosa termodifikasi. ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia 15, 315, 2019. https://doi.org/10.20961/alchemy.15.2.33756.315-328

Sari, N.H., Suteja, Ilyas, R.A., Nanocellulose nanocomposites in coating materials, in industrial applications of nanocellulose and its nanocomposites. Elsevier, pp. 179–195, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-89909-3.00018-3

Siahaan, M., Noerati, Gustiani, S., Umam, K., Kurniawan, Isolasi serat batang pisang semu sebagai serat penguat biokomposit. Texere 19, 36–45, 2021. https://doi.org/10.53298/texere.v19i1.04

Sofiah, A.G.N., Pasupuleti, J., Samykano, M., Kadirgama, K., Koh, S.P., Tiong, S.K., Pandey, A.K., Yaw, C.T., Natarajan, S.K., Harnessing nature’s ingenuity: a comprehensive exploration of nanocellulose from production to cutting-edge applications in engineering and sciences. Polymers (Basel) 15, 3044, 2023. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15143044

Tajalla, G.U.N., Andriansyah, P., Riyadi, I.T., Vadila, M.L.N., Laksono, A.D., Karakteristik termal material komposit berbahan dasar polipropilena dan batang pisang. Jurnal Teknik: Media Pengembangan Ilmu dan Aplikasi Teknik 23, 41–49, 2024. https://doi.org/10.55893/jt.vol23no1.554




DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/dtm.v15i1.1009

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 Open access

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

After being re-accredited, the Journal of Dinamika Teknik Mesin, still has sinta 3 (S3) which is valid until 2025.