Studi sifat mekanis dan elektrik paduan Cu-Ni-Wx (2 ≤ x ≤ 5wt.%) disintesis menggunakan cold compaction

S. Suprianto; D. Hadiarsa; A. Syahputra; M. Mahadi; A. Pintoro

doi:10.29303/dtm.v14i2.839

Studi sifat mekanis dan elektrik paduan Cu-Ni-Wx (2 ≤ x ≤ 5wt.%) disintesis menggunakan cold compaction

S. Suprianto, D. Hadiarsa, A. Syahputra, M. Mahadi, A. Pintoro

Abstract

Copper-based alloys are common material which are widely used as electrodes for electrical discharge machining (EDM) due to their good electrical conductivity, but low mechanical properties. This problem can be solved by addition of some elements and also correct selected of the process parameter, in such compaction pressure in the powder metallurgy (PM) stages. The aim of this study to investigates the effect of W-refractory element and compaction pressure on the mechanical and electrical properties of the Cu-Ni-Wx based alloy. The research was conducted with varying (190, 220, and 250 MPa) of compaction pressure and Wx (x=2, 3, 4, and 5wt.%). Horizontal milling with 300 rpm has been used to mixing powder material. Furthermore, the sintering process at 770^oC for 60 minutes by using a conventional furnace was conducted. In this current study, the maximum results of 123.2 VHN of the hardness, 325 MPa of compressive strength at 200 kN of the maximum load, and 4.62 x 10⁷ (S/m) of the electrical conductivity were obtained at 250 MPa compaction pressure. The addition of W into Cu-based alloy tends to increase of the mechanical properties, however, reduce the electrical conductivity. On the other hand, microstructure observation shows that the increasing compaction pressure increases the solid solution phase between Cu-Ni and reduces the porosity.

Keywords

Powder Metallurgy Cu-Alloy Mechanical Properties Electrical Properties

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abbas, G., Manzoor, T., Ahmad, A., Raza, H., Farooq, A., Karim, I., Iftikhar, W., Umar, M., Asad, F., Synthesis and investigate the properties of Cu-Al-Ni alloys with Ag addition using powder metallurgy technique, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 817, 1–9, 2020.

Abdo, H. S., Seikh, A. H., Mohammed, J. A., Soliman, M. S., Alloying elements effects on electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of newly fabricated al based alloys produced by conventional casting process, Materials, 14, 1–10, 2021.

Ahmad, M. A. H., Rahim, M. Z., Fauzi, M. F. M., Abdullah, A., Omar, Z., Ding, S., Ismail, A., Ibrahim, M. R., Catalytic aided electrical discharge machining of polycrystalline diamond-parameter analysis of finishing condition, 9th International Conference on Tribology, Cappadocia, 0–9, 2018.

American society for testing and materials, Standard practices for production and preparation of powder metallurgy (P/M) test specimens, designation: E 925, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States, 2003.

American society for testing and materials, Standard test method for knoop and vickers hardness of materials, designation: E384-11ε1, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States, 2011.

American society for testing and materials, Standard test methods of compression testing of metallic materials at room temperature, designation: E9-89a, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States, 2000.

Ankur, Bharti, A., Prasad, D., Kumar, N., Saxena, K. K., A Re-investigation: effect of various parameter on mechanical properties of copper matrix composite fabricated by powder metallurgy, Materials Today: Proceedings, 45, 4595–4600, 2021.

Anugraha, V.G., Widyastuti, Pengaruh komposisi Sn dan variasi tekanan kompaksi terhadap densitas dan kekerasan komposit Cu-Sn untuk aplikasi proyektil peluru frangible dengan metode metalurgi serbuk, Jurnal Teknik POMITS, 3(1), 102–107, 2014.

Castillo, S. M., Muñoz, S., Trueba, P., Díaz, E., Torres, Y., Influence of the compaction pressure and sintering temperature on the mechanical properties of porous titanium for biomedical applications, Metals, 9, 1-15, 2019.

Dong, D., Huang, X., Cui, J., Li, G., Jiang, H., Effect of aspect ratio on the compaction characteristics and micromorphology of copper powders by magnetic pulse compaction, Advanced Powder Technology, 31, 4354–4364, 2020.

Erçetin, A., Aslantaş, K., Production of WCu electrical contact material via conventional powder metallurgy method : Characterization , mechanical and electrical properties, Tr. Doğa ve Fen Derg.−Tr. J. Nature Sci., 6(1), 37-42, 2017.

Gu, J., Gao, M., Yang, S., Bai, J., Zhai, Y., Ding, J., Microstructure, defects, and mechanical properties of wire + arc additively manufactured Al-Cu4.3-Mg1.5 alloy, Materials and Design, 186, 1–13, 2020.

Hakamada, M., Kuromura, T., Chen, Y., Kusuda, H., Mabuchi, M., Influence of porosity and pore size on electrical resistivity of porous aluminum produced by spacer method, 48(1), 32–36, 2007.

Kumar, N., Bharti, A., Nigam, A., Effect of powder metallurgy process and its parameters on the mechanical and electrical properties of copper-based materials : literature review, Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 59, 401–410, 2020.

Lee, S. H., Ahn, B., Sintering behavior and mechanical property of Cu-Sn alloy with ag addition produced by pulsed electric current sintering, Archives of Metallurgy and Materials, 67(4), 1475–1479, 2022.

Li, X., Zhang, M., Zhang, G., Wei, S., Wang, Q., Lou, W., Liang, J., Chen, L., Xu, L., Zhou, Y., Pan, K., Influence evaluation of tungsten content on microstructure and properties of Cu-W composite, Metals, 12, 1–16, 2022.

Manish, D., Srivastava, R. K., Effect of compaction pressure on microstructure, density and hardness of copper prepared by powder metallurgy route, International Conference on Mechanical, Materials and Renewable Energy, Sikkim, 377, 1-9, 2018.

Manohar, G., Pandey, K.M., Maity, S.R., Effect of compaction pressure on mechanical properties of AA7075/B4C/graphite hybrid composite fabricated by powder metallurgy techniques, Materials Today: Proceedings, 38, 2157–2161, 2021.

Meyer, Y. A., Bonatti, R. S., Costa, D., Bortolozo, A. D., Osório, W. R., Compaction pressure and Si content effects on compressive strengths of Al/Si/Cu alloy composites, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 770, 1–7, 2020.

Miyajima, y., Morimoto, h., Miyazaki, m., Okada, t., Ishikawa, k., Watanabe, c., Miura, h., Change in microstructure and electrical resistivity of CuZn alloy due to rolling, Materials Transactions, 63(4), 484–488, 2022.

Myszka, D., Kasińska, J., Penkul, A., Influence of tungsten on the structure and properties of ductile iron containing 0.8% Cu, Archives of Foundry Engineering, 21(4), 121–126, 2021.

Nnakwo, K. C., Effect of tungsten content on the structure, physical and mechanical properties of silicon bronze (Cu-3 wt%Si), Journal of King Saud University - Science, 3, 844–848, 2019.

Ohništová, P., Píška, M., Dluhoš, J., Horníková, J., Šandera, P., Petrenec, M., A study of crack initiation mechanism in the aluminum alloy 7475-T7351 when tensile loading, Procedia Structural Integrity, 23, 469–474, 2019.

Sabri, A. M., Rahim, M. Z., Ahmad, M. A. H., Azis, N. H., Ibrahim, M. R., Mubarak, A., Arifin, T., Ismail, A. E., The effect of powder metallurgy parameters on electrical conductivity of copper-nickel-tungsten electrode, International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 8, 111–116, 2019.

Suprianto, Ramadhan, M., Syafroza, A., Ariani, F., The role of Cu element and compaction pressure on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Cu binary alloy synthesized by powder metallurgy, Jurnal Dinamis, 11(1), 6–15, 2023.

Tao, S., Lu, Z., Xie, H., Zhang, J., Wei, X., Effect of preparation method and heat treatment on microstructure and properties of Cu-Ni-Si alloy, Materials Letters, 315, 1-4, 2022.

Tomanek, L. B., Stutts, D. S., Pan, T., Liou, F., Influence of porosity on the thermal, electrical, and mechanical performance of selective laser melted stainless steel, Additive Manufacturing, 39, 1-7, 2021.

Tse Lop Kun, J., Patterson, E., Learn, R., Atwater, M., Mechanical Properties of Microporous Copper Powder Compacts Produced by Oxide Reduction, Metals, 13, 1–14, 2023.

Yuan, X., Zhang, P., Wang, J., Yang, B., Li, Y., Influences of Fe content and cold drawing strain on the microstructure and properties of powder metallurgy Cu-Fe alloy wire, Materials, 16, 1-13, 2023.

Zhang, W., Li, L., Gao, J., Huang, J., Zhang, X., The effect of porosity on mechanical properties of porous FeCrN stainless steel, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2044, 1–6, 2021.

Zhang, Y., Guo, X., Chen, Y., Li, Q., Effect of compaction pressure on the densification, microstructure, and mechanical properties of Ti-1Al-8V-5Fe alloy based on TiH2 and HDH-Ti powders..Micro and Nano Letters, 14(8), 906–910, 2019.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/dtm.v14i2.839